10 Most Tax-Friendly States
Pennsylvania
Income-tax range: Flat rate of 3.07%.
No tax on Social Security benefits or any type of public or private pensions. It doesn’t nick distributions from 401(k)s, IRAs, deferred-compensation plans or other retirement accounts.
Delaware
Income-tax range: 2.2% – 6.95%.
No sales tax, modest income-tax rates, Social Security benefits are exempt and senior taxpayers can exclude $12,500 of investment and qualified pension income from state income taxes.
South Carolina
Income-tax range: 3% – 7%
The state does not tax Social Security benefits and provides a generous retirement-income deduction when calculating state income tax. State income-tax rates are reasonable, and property taxes are very low.
Georgia
Income-tax range: 1% – 6%
Social Security income and up to $35,000 of most types of retirement income are exempt. In 2012 taxes on retirement income will be phased out.
Kentucky
Income-tax range: 2% – 6%
Social Security benefits exempted from state income taxes plus up to $41,110 per person of a wide variety of retirement income.
Alabama
Income-tax range: 2% – 5%
Most retirement income is exempt from state income taxes. Homeowners 65 and older don't pay state property taxes, but some cities and counties apply their own property levies.
Mississippi
Income-tax range: 3% – 5%
Exempts Social Security benefits from state income taxes and excludes all qualified retirement income from state income taxes. Remaining income is taxed at a maximum 5%. Mississippi is home to some of the cheapest property taxes in the nation.
Louisiana
Income-tax range: 2% – 6%
Social Security, military, civil-service, and state- and local-government pensions are exempt from state income taxes. Property taxes are among the lowest in the nation, and assessments are based on 10% of the fair market value.
Oklahoma
Income-tax range: 0.5% – 5.5%
No tax on Social Security benefits or Civil Service Retirement system retirement benefits for those who receive a federal pension in lieu of Social Security. Real estate is assessed at an amount between 11% and 13.5% of its fair market value.
Wyoming
Income-tax range: None
The state sales tax is low. For most property, only 9.5% of market value is subject to tax. Wyoming residents shoulder one of the lowest tax burdens in the U.S., according to the Tax Foundation.
10 Least Tax-Friendly States
New Jersey
Income-tax range: 1.4% – 8.97%
It’s no surprise that New Jersey appears here. According to the Tax Foundation, New Jersey has been one the top 5 states with the highest tax burden since 1977 and for the last three years running New Jersey has topped the list.
Connecticut
Income-tax range: 3% – 6.7%
Its real estate taxes are among the highest in the nation. It allows a 50% exclusion for military pensions, but no exemptions or tax credits for other types of pensions or other retirement income. And it taxes a portion of Social Security benefits for taxpayers above certain income thresholds.
Vermont
Income-tax range: 3.55% – 8.95%
It taxes most retirement income, including Social Security. Real estate taxes have two components: school property tax and municipal property tax.
Maine
Income-tax range: 2% – 8.5%
Social Security benefits exempt from state income taxes. Up to $6,000 per person of eligible pension income can be deducted. Residents with taxable income in excess of $20,150 pay a steep 8.5% rate.
Wisconsin
Income-tax range: 4.6% - 7.75%
Social Security benefits are exempt from its state income taxes, but there are taxes on rest of your pension and annuity income. Wisconsin's sales tax is reasonable.
Minnesota
Income-tax range: 5.35% – 7.85%
Social Security income is taxed to the same extent it is on your federal return. Pensions are taxable. Income-tax rates and the sales tax are high. However, Minnesota does offer some retirees a break on property taxes.
Iowa
Income-tax range: 0.36% – 8.98%
The state taxes a portion of Social Security benefits but is in the process of phasing out the tax. Real estate is assessed at 100% of market value and most property is taxed by more than one taxing authority.
Nebraska
Income-tax range: 2.56% – 6.84%
Social Security benefits will be taxed to the same extent that they are on your federal return. No special breaks for military retirees, either. Real estate is assessed at 100% of fair market value. Seniors qualify for a homestead exemption on property taxes.
Oregon
Income-tax range: 5% – 11%
Oregon shares with Hawaii the distinction of imposing the highest personal income-tax rate in the nation. Although Oregon does not tax Social Security benefits, that's the extent of its income-tax breaks for retirees. Most other retirement income is taxed at your top income-tax rate. The one bright spot in Oregon's tax picture is its lack of a sales tax. You can buy anything in the state and never pay a penny in sales taxes.
California
Income-tax range: 1.25% – 9.55%.
Although Social Security benefits are exempt, all other forms of retirement income are fully taxed. California residents pay some of the highest income taxes in the U.S. with a high statewide sales tax. Real estate is assessed at 100% of cash value.